EV Batteries
Electric vehicle (EV) batteries carry one of the most comprehensive sets of obligations under Regulation (EU) 2023/1542. The battery passport obligation for EV batteries applies from 18 February 2027 under Article 77(1) — it is not yet in force. Related obligations (carbon footprint, supply-chain due diligence, recycled content) apply on their own dates and are set out below. Several of those dates depend on Commission delegated or implementing acts that are not yet adopted and may change.
LMT Batteries
LMT batteries are used in e-bikes, e-scooters, electric mopeds, and other light electric vehicles. The battery passport obligation for LMT batteries applies from 18 February 2027 under Article 77(1); it is not yet in force. Other obligations (carbon footprint, due diligence, recycled content) apply on their own dates, set out below, and several depend on delegated or implementing acts not yet adopted.
Industrial Batteries
Industrial batteries carry a broad set of obligations under Regulation (EU) 2023/1542, including carbon footprint declarations and supply-chain due diligence comparable to those for EV batteries. The battery passport obligation for industrial batteries above 2 kWh applies from 18 February 2027 under Article 77(1); it is not yet in force. Other obligations (carbon footprint, due diligence, recycled content) apply on their own dates, set out below, and several depend on delegated or implementing acts not yet adopted.
SLI Batteries
SLI batteries are the traditional 12 V and 24 V lead-acid batteries used in conventional combustion engine vehicles. SLI batteries have no battery-passport obligation under Article 77 of Regulation (EU) 2023/1542 — there is no Article 77 battery passport for this category at any date. SLI batteries do, however, remain subject to other obligations, including the recycled-content obligation under Article 8, labelling, CE marking and Declaration of Conformity, and extended producer responsibility. There is no carbon footprint declaration or performance-class requirement for SLI batteries under Article 7.
Portable Batteries
Portable batteries are used in consumer electronics, power tools, toys, and small domestic appliances. Portable batteries have no battery-passport obligation under Article 77 of Regulation (EU) 2023/1542 — there is no Article 77 battery passport for this category at any date. Portable batteries carry the lightest regulatory data burden of any battery category: they are outside the battery-passport, carbon-footprint (Article 7), supply-chain due-diligence (Article 48) and recycled-content (Article 8) obligations. They remain subject to labelling, capacity marking, producer registration and extended-producer-responsibility rules described below.